Gender stereotypes in Sri Lankan society

Gender stereotypes in Sri Lankan society are shaped by cultural, religious, and historical influences. These stereotypes often assign specific roles, behaviors, and expectations to individuals based on their gender, and they can limit opportunities and reinforce inequality.

• Women are primarily homemakers

In traditional Sri Lankan culture, women are often expected to stay at home, take care of the household, cook, clean, and raise children. This stereotype is deeply rooted in cultural and religious teachings, and it is still prevalent in many rural and urban families. Even when women work, they are often expected to continue managing household responsibilities without support from their husbands. It limits women’s career growth. It adds pressure to balance home and work life. It reduces recognition of women’s contributions beyond the household.

• Men should not show vulnerability

Sri Lankan boys are often taught from a young age to "be strong" and not cry or express emotions. They are encouraged to be dominant and stoic. Emotions such as fear, sadness, or anxiety are often seen as signs of weakness, which creates a damaging form of masculinity. Mental health issues go unnoticed or untreated. Men struggle with emotional expression in relationships. It pressures you to always appear in control, leading to stress.

• Certain jobs are "Male" or "Female."

Occupational roles are often gendered in Sri Lankan society. Fields like engineering, construction, politics, and law enforcement are seen as male-dominated, while women are expected to work in "soft" sectors like teaching, nursing, or garment factories. Women are discouraged from pursuing higher-paying or leadership roles. Men who take up jobs in caregiving or early childhood education may face judgment. It limits diversity in the workforce.

• Women should dress "Modestly."

Society often places the burden of modesty on women, linking their clothing choices to family reputation and personal character. Women who wear Western or revealing clothing may be judged harshly, while men can wear what they like with little scrutiny. Victim-blaming in cases of harassment or assault. Policing of women’s bodies and freedom. Internalized shame or fear when choosing how to dress.

• Men are natural leaders

Leadership is often associated with masculinity. In schools, workplaces, and politics, men are generally preferred for top roles due to assumptions about their assertiveness and ability to handle pressure. Women leaders are seen as exceptions rather than the norm. Women have to work harder to prove their competence. Fewer female role models in leadership. Gender imbalance in decision-making bodies.

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  Marriage and children define a woman’s success

In many Sri Lankan families, a woman’s worth is often judged by her ability to marry and have children. Educational or career achievements are often considered secondary. There is social pressure for women to marry by a certain age and prioritize family life over personal ambitions. Women may feel rushed into marriage or motherhood. Single or child-free women face judgment and isolation. Career aspirations may be sacrificed.

• Boys are encouraged to be assertive, girls to be obedient

From a young age, boys are often praised for being bold, outspoken, and competitive, while girls are encouraged to be polite, quiet, and obedient. This starts in homes, schools, and even through media portrayals. Girls may hesitate to speak up or take leadership roles. Boys may become overly aggressive or entitled. Reinforces power imbalances in classrooms, workplaces, and families.